Although smoking cessation drugs are the most popular among people who quit bad habits, there are now many other forms of drugs on the country's pharmacological market that can help permanently quit smoking. Which technique is most effective for the patient, the doctor will decide based on the complete clinical and laboratory examination and the individual characteristics of the patient. It is important to understand that all drugs work differently. Tablets are the largest and most effective group of anti-tobacco drugs.
The many harms of smoking
The danger of nicotine extends not only to heavy smokers, but also to those around them. This is about second-hand smoke. Relatives and friends are forced to endure tobacco smoke, next to the smoker. This is the risk of tumors, infertility, obstructive lung disease, heart and blood vessels, and kidney pathological changes.
Scientifically proven facts: Children who like to lift weights have obvious developmental delays, low intelligence, and limited vision. This is the result of hypoxia. The blood cannot get the required amount of oxygen, which leads to hypoxia. In this case, the neurons of the brain cannot fully perform their functions under pressure.
The heart pumps out carbon dioxide-filled blood, which is subjected to excessive pressure through hypotonic blood vessels. In the context of metabolic disorders and changes in blood viscosity leading to atherosclerosis, this becomes the cause of heart attacks and strokes.
In addition, the same applies to smokers and people who have never smoked a cigarette in their mouths.
Smokers are at risk of vascular diseases of the lower extremities: intermittent claudication, varicose veins, endarteritis obliterans, diabetic foot, and polyneuropathy.
But the nervous system is still the most severely affected. Toxic damage to nerve cells, receptors, and fibers can cause uncontrollable headaches, mood swings, unreasonable irritability, memory loss, inattention, and inattention. Peripheral nerves cause the development of neuritis, the most famous of which is sciatica. When it arises once, it will not leave the patient's life.
The lungs are the first to be exposed to the toxins of tobacco smoke. In addition, the attack on bronchial structure and organ parenchyma comes from two aspects: direct stimulation of the mucous membrane through the blood and the local area. There are tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, COPD. This can lead to persistent respiratory failure, emphysema, asthma and cancer.
The digestive system is also in direct contact with metabolites of nicotine and cigarette tar. They become the cause of erosive and ulcerative processes, hepatitis, gallstone disease and liver cirrhosis. Solanum alkaloids take the kidneys as hostages. It is them that metabolize toxins, and the destructive process occurs in the organ itself, nephron sclerosis, and the development of chronic renal failure.
The sexual desire, reproduction, and erectile function of men and women are affected.
Appearance-Repelling others: gray, dry, flaky skin, fragile nails, sparse hair, yellow teeth and disgusting breath. Calcium is washed away from the bones, causing osteoporosis and pathological fractures.
This multi-faceted a priori effect of nicotine requires a multi-faceted approach to recover the body after quitting smoking, and it is assumed that it can provide a multi-faceted help in quitting smoking. To this end, pharmacologists provide smoking cessation drugs and other forms of multi-directional action.
How do nicotine parapills work?
It has to be said that recently, the traditional forms of medicine are also changing to adapt to people's habits. Today, we see a lot of pills in pharmacies.
It is worth noting that:
- Lollipop-Representative of alternative therapy. They contain the smallest dose of nicotine, which can alleviate withdrawal symptoms caused by tobacco stop flowing into the blood and brain after ingestion. In other words, it is helpful not to feel upset at the moment of quitting smoking. An indisputable advantage is that the product ingredients contain herbal extracts, and they can be prepared independently at home. Patients with diabetes should use it with caution. Need to consult a doctor to adjust the dose of hypoglycemic drugs.
- Chewable tablets-Regardless of the country of origin, they all have the same anti-nicotine effect: they replace the absence of nicotine. They contain 2-4 mg of medicinal substances and act like lozenges. The main advantage and difference is that as the product is chewed, the alkaloids gradually enter the blood and brain. Usually within half an hour, not less than.
- spray-This is the same liquid anti-smoking drug. He is a means of quick help when you want to take a puff of cigarette. Reach the bloodstream and neurons in one minute.
- repair-Representative of the transdermal direction that reduces the craving for pyridine poisons. Maximum comfort for quitting smoking. It enters the human body through the skin and immediately begins to work, and it hardly binds to albumin. It is metabolized and excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, patients with organ failure should use it with caution.
Today pharmacologists provide smoking cessation injections. Essentially a cigarette vaccine. This is innovation. The operating principle is to break the vicious circle. Once in the blood, the components of the solution will cause the body's immune response. The antibodies produced by the defense system combine with pyridine alkaloids to form a very large antigen-antibody complex. He cannot overcome the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from any harmful substances.
The center of happiness is still intact. It turns out that this person smokes, but he has no pleasure. The addiction chain breaks and the patient leaves the cigarette.
However, in the context of all innovations, tablets in the form of drugs are still the most in demand.
Smoking drug group
Modern pharmacology divides all tobacco dependence drugs into several main categories:
- The first includes substances that contain compounds that affect the body, such as pyridine alkaloids. They activate cholinergic receptors like nicotine, mimicking its existence. As a result, a person will experience the same sensation as a cigarette smoked. But tobacco toxins will not enter the blood and neurons, and the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract will not be burned. However, patients still need eggplant poisoning.
- The second directly affects the brain center responsible for the desire to smoke. These are antidepressants.
- The third-the most interesting, the mechanism of preventing nicotine, stifles the desire to smoke, because this process will not bring any fun.
Anti-smoke drugs
These are all the most commonly used smoking pill formulas today, with a mechanism of action and contraindications to use-a reliable assistant for everyone who decides to end a bad habit. This is necessary because tobacco lovers need to understand that addiction is based on two pillars-the physical and mental craving for nicotine.
Therefore, some of these drugs help to say goodbye to physical addiction, while others help to say goodbye to psychological addiction.
The wrong choice may end in complete failure. It is recommended that experienced smokers pay attention to the first group of drugs, beginners-to the third group.
Nicotine analogs
The components of these funds contain alkaloids that come into contact with cholinergic receptors.
The mechanism of action is to replace the tobacco poison in an attempt to take over its function. These drugs activate the same biochemical processes and sensations, but without negative consequences.
There is one more nuance. The nerve endings are extremely sensitive. Any overdose will cause many negative symptoms. Therefore, if their intake is accompanied by cigarette use, they will experience tachycardia, nausea, shortness of breath, dizziness, sweating, and fainting.
This "leaves a deep impression" on the organism, so that repeated dangerous thoughts are clearly fixed under the cortex.
All drugs in this group have common contraindications:
- Carrying the baby and breastfeeding.
- PUD and duodenal ulcer, intestinal erosion, pancreatitis.
- Atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels and related ischemia of myocardium, brain, hypertension, encephalopathy, and heart failure.
- Disorders of the coagulation system.
- Obstructive disease of the bronchopulmonary system.
Products containing nicotine
Tablets containing the smallest dose of nicotine can help patients gradually quit smoking permanently, reduce the amount of tobacco they use, or survive being forced to quit smoking temporarily. This is the same alternative treatment, but instead of using a simulant of nightshade poison, he uses it himself.
The therapeutic effect is due to the pyridine alkaloid entering the body without harmful impurities and small size. The dose is gradually reduced. To the point where quitting smoking becomes easy and natural.
The contraindications of the drugs used in this group are different:
- In some cases, it is intolerant to the components of Solanum alkaloids.
- To 18 years old.
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Schizophrenia.
- Failure of kidney, liver, heart muscle, and peptic ulcer.
Solanaceae alkaloid blocker
The essence of their role is to prevent nicotine from penetrating into cholinergic receptors. The meaning of smoking is lost without fun.
Herbs are included in this group. They contain calamus and mint. They have a keen sense of taste, which can cause aversion to bad habits and suppress the desire to smoke.
Alkaloid-free products
Their mechanism of action is similar to the previous group, but they do not block the contact of cholinergic receptors with nicotine, but directly interact with the brain center responsible for pleasure to inhibit them. Smoking becomes a burden.
The reasons for the different effects of this group of drugs on patients are not fully understood. It is believed that the focus is on the technical synthesis of varenicline by different manufacturers.
Side effects are common: headache, nausea, upper abdominal cramps, increased blood pressure, night insomnia and lethargy, and daytime apathy. Runny nose, sore throat, and shortness of breath are common causes of respiratory failure and pulmonary edema.
Antidepressants
Unlike all other medicines, these pills increase the activity of the brain's center and stimulate the production of happiness hormones, thereby interrupting the effects of nicotine.
sedative
Anxiety drugs can help smokers get rid of the pressure of quitting smoking.
This group of drugs is forbidden for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers and individuals who are intolerant.
Homeopathy
Today, people generally think that homeopathy is like a placebo. Even so, there are still three new-generation effective drugs that can reliably and safely relieve smoking cessation symptoms.
The mechanism of action of these pills is to detoxify the body and eliminate psychological attachment to tobacco.
There are several restrictions on use: intolerance to fund ingredients and physical allergies. Diabetics need to be cautious in taking it, because glucose is one of its components. The plan and dosage are determined by the doctor, and treatment is impossible without the consultation of the doctor.
Everyone can independently evaluate the harmfulness and usefulness of smoking pills based on the main parameters, but he did not give a clear answer to the question of which drug is the best. This is because there is currently no best smoking cessation drug that can meet all requirements. Advertising is the engine of progress. But the truth is more precious.